{"id":271,"date":"2026-07-18T20:44:21","date_gmt":"2026-07-18T20:44:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sasor.africa\/?post_type=product&p=271"},"modified":"2026-07-20T15:31:43","modified_gmt":"2026-07-20T15:31:43","slug":"delphi-programming-for-grades-10-11-12","status":"publish","type":"product","link":"https:\/\/sasor.africa\/?product=delphi-programming-for-grades-10-11-12","title":{"rendered":"Delphi Programming for Grades 10, 11 & 12"},"content":{"rendered":"

Contents<\/strong>
\n1.1 Data and Information 1
\n1.2 Bits and Bytes 1
\n1.3 Data Representation 2
\n1.4 Number Systems 2
\n1.5 Conversions 3
\n1.6 Digital Character Representation 9
\n1.7 Algorithms 9
\n1.8 Flowcharts 10
\n1.9 Pseudocode 13
\n1.10 Mathematical Operators 22<\/p>\n

Delphi Programming<\/strong>
\nChapter 1<\/strong> Introduction 25<\/p>\n

Chapter 2<\/strong> Arithmetic and Logical Operators 98
\nSelection Structures\/Case statement 101
\nMath functions 115<\/p>\n

Chapter 3<\/strong> Characters and Strings 122
\nLooping 137<\/p>\n

Chapter 4<\/strong> One Dimensional Arrays 171<\/p>\n

Chapter 5<\/strong> Text Files 205
\nProcedures and Functions 221<\/p>\n

Chapter 6<\/strong> Classes & Objects 233<\/p>\n

Chapter 7<\/strong> Two Dimensional Arrays 265<\/p>\n

Chapter 8<\/strong> Dynamic Components 286<\/p>\n

Chapter 9<\/strong> Normalisation & Data Base Connectivity 288<\/p>\n

Chapter 10<\/strong> Structured Query Language 338<\/p>\n

Chapter 11<\/strong> Guidelines on PAT 382<\/p>\n

Appendix<\/strong> Keyboard Shortcuts 396
\nUnicode Chart 397
\nBibliography 398<\/p>\n

Table of Contents<\/strong>
\nChapter 1 Introduction <\/strong><\/p>\n

1.1 Introduction to High level programming 25
\n1.2 A brief history and timeline of Delphi 26
\n1.3 System Requirements for Delphi 27
\n1.4 Writing environment 27
\n1.5 Object oriented programming 28
\n1.6 DELPHI IDE 30
\n1.7 Comments 36
\n1.8 Begin and End 36
\n1.9 Unicode Values 37
\n1.10 Starting a Delphi Application 37
\n1.11 Common components 41
\n1.12 Naming components 42
\n1.13 Simple application Activity 46
\n1.14 Variables 47
\n1.15 Data types 49
\n1.16 Simple Application examples 53
\n1.17 Activity (Simple Introduction) 57
\n1.18 Numbers and equations 58
\n1.19 Global variables and local variables 62
\n1.20 Activity (Use of variables) 65
\n1.21 Date and Time 75
\n1.22 Set and Get data from components 76
\n1.23 Control Strings #9 and #13 77
\n1.24 Tutorial with all common components 78
\n1.25 Formatting numbers 88
\n1.26 Activity (Components) 90
\n1.27 Input box and Message Dialog boxes 90
\n1.28 Activity (Input boxes) 96<\/p>\n

Chapter 2 Math Operators and Functions<\/strong>
\n2.1 Arithmetic and Logical operators 98
\n2.2 Order of priority 99
\n2.3 Scope of a variable 100
\n2.4 Selection Structures \/ If statement 101
\n2.5 Activity (If Statement) 106
\n2.6 Case statement 110
\n2.7 Activity (Case Statement) 113
\n2.8 Math and statistical functions 115
\n2.9 Activity (Math Functions) 117<\/p>\n

Chapter 3 String manipulation and looping<\/strong>
\n3.1 Characters and strings 122
\n3.2 String operators and String functions 123
\n3.3 String procedures 124
\n3.4 Activity (String Handling) 133
\n3.5 Looping structures 137
\n3.6 For Loop 137
\n3.7 Examples on the for loop 141
\n3.8 Activity (For loop) 147
\n3.9 Conditional looping structures 152
\n3.10 Differences between the While and Repeat Until loops 153
\n3.11 Activity (Algorithms on While and Repeat) 154
\n3.12 Rules on algorithms 155
\n3.13 Activity (While and repeat) 159
\n3.14 The Character data type 163
\n3.15 Activity (Character data type) 165
\n3.16 Validation techniques 166
\n3.17 Activity (Validation) 170<\/p>\n

Chapter 4 Arrays<\/strong>
\n4.1 Arrays Introduction 172
\n4.2 Populating an array 174
\n4.3 Array processing 177
\n4.4 Sorting an array 182
\n4.5 Searching an array 184
\n4.6 Inserting and deleting from an array 188
\n4.7 Remove duplicates 190
\n4.8 Activity (Arrays) 191
\n4.9 Parallel and Linked arrays 195
\n4.10 Activity (Linked Arrays) 201<\/p>\n

Chapter 5 Text files, Procedures and Functions<\/strong>
\n5.1 Introduction to text files 205
\n5.2 Commands 205
\n5.3 Reading from a text file 206
\n5.4 Activity (Reading from a text file) 212
\n5.5 Writing to a text file 214
\n5.6 Appending to a text file 216
\n5.7 Activity (Writing to\/Adding to text files) 216
\n5.8 Methods Introduction 221
\n5.9 Procedures and functions 221
\n5.10 Activity (Procedures and functions) 225
\n5.11 Parameter passing 227
\n5.12 Activity (Parameter passing) 231<\/p>\n

Chapter 6 Classes and Objects<\/strong>
\n6.1 Classes and Objects 237
\n6.2 Examples with explanation 238
\n6.3 Activity (Objects) 250
\n6.4 Creating objects from text files 257
\n6.5 Activity (Objects from text files) 262<\/p>\n

Chapter 7 Two Dimensional arrays<\/strong>
\n7.1 Two Dimensional arrays 274
\n7.2 Populating an array 274
\n7.3 Processing and manipulating data in a 2D array 276
\n7.4 Activity (Two dim arrays) 288<\/p>\n

Chapter 8 Dynamic components<\/strong>
\n8.1 Dynamic Components 294
\n8.2 Example 294<\/p>\n

Chapter 9 Normalisation and Databases<\/strong>
\n9.1 Concepts of Normalisation 296
\n9.2 Rules for Normalisation forms 296
\n9.3 Examples with Answers 299
\n9.4 Activity 294
\n9.5 Data Dictionary 304
\n9.7 DB CONNECTIVITY 305
\n9.8 Hierarchy of data 305
\n9.9 Data types of fields 306
\n9.10 Create a new database 307
\n9.11 How to connect the database to a Delphi Application 307
\n9.12 Data aware components 308
\n9.13 Linking a DBEdit to a field in the DBGrid 312
\n9.14 Navigation buttons 312
\n9.15 Adding a record 312
\n9.16 Deleting a record 313
\n9.17 Updating records 313
\n9.18 Activity (Single table) 315
\n9.19 Foreign key 321
\n9.20 Two tables \u2013 Example 321
\n9.21 Activity (Two tables) 329
\n9.22 Direct connection to database 333
\n9.23 Example on direct connection 335<\/p>\n

Chapter 10 SQL and code construct<\/strong>
\n10.1 Structured Query Language 344
\n10.2 Select SQL with examples 345
\n10.3 Working with two tables 347
\n10.4 Insert, Delete and Update 347
\n10.5 Examples 354
\n10.6 Activity (SQLs) 355
\n10.7 Rules on SQL statements 356
\n10.8 Activity (SQLs) 359
\n10.9 Activity (SQLs) AND Code Construct 364
\n10.10 Sqls in a Data module project 385<\/p>\n

Chapter 11 Develop a Grade 10 PAT<\/strong>
\n11.1 GRADE 10 Sample PAT 389
\n11.2 Navigation between forms 391
\n11.3 Help Screen 391
\n11.4 Tool tip text 392
\n11.5 Tab sheets 394
\n11.6 Password strength 396
\n11.7 Using text files to save, update and delete data 397
\n11.8 GIF images 398
\n11.9 Executing a specific form 398
\n11.10 GRADE 11 \u2013 Use of DB, arrays and Graphs in PAT 400
\n11.11 Sample PATs with code 401<\/p>\n

Appendix <\/strong>
\nA Keyboard Shortcuts 403
\nB Unicode Chart 404
\nC Bibliography 405<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

This book serves as a learning guide as well as a tutorial with questions and detailed solutions. The book includes Delphi programming concepts from the Grade 11 and 12 syllabi. Learners of all ability levels may benefit from the exercises as the selection of questions show conceptual progression.<\/p>\n

The accompanying CD is free. The CD has all the Graphical User Interfaces required for the application exercises in the book. There are electronic copies of projects in the book stored on the CD.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":272,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"pmpro_default_level":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}}},"product_brand":[],"product_cat":[23,24,25],"product_tag":[26,29,28],"class_list":["post-271","product","type-product","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","product_cat-grade-10","product_cat-grade-11","product_cat-grade-12","product_tag-coding","product_tag-delphi","product_tag-programming","pmpro-has-access","desktop-align-left","tablet-align-left","mobile-align-left","first","instock","sale","shipping-taxable","purchasable","product-type-simple"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sasor.africa\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/product\/271","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sasor.africa\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/product"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sasor.africa\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/product"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sasor.africa\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=271"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sasor.africa\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/272"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sasor.africa\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=271"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"product_brand","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sasor.africa\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fproduct_brand&post=271"},{"taxonomy":"product_cat","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sasor.africa\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fproduct_cat&post=271"},{"taxonomy":"product_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sasor.africa\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fproduct_tag&post=271"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}