Contents
1.1 Data and Information 1
1.2 Bits and Bytes 1
1.3 Data Representation 2
1.4 Number Systems 2
1.5 Conversions 3
1.6 Digital Character Representation 9
1.7 Algorithms 9
1.8 Flowcharts 10
1.9 Pseudocode 13
1.10 Mathematical Operators 22
Delphi Programming
Chapter 1 Introduction 25
Chapter 2 Arithmetic and Logical Operators 98
Selection Structures/Case statement 101
Math functions 115
Chapter 3 Characters and Strings 122
Looping 137
Chapter 4 One Dimensional Arrays 171
Chapter 5 Text Files 205
Procedures and Functions 221
Chapter 6 Classes & Objects 233
Chapter 7 Two Dimensional Arrays 265
Chapter 8 Dynamic Components 286
Chapter 9 Normalisation & Data Base Connectivity 288
Chapter 10 Structured Query Language 338
Chapter 11 Guidelines on PAT 382
Appendix Keyboard Shortcuts 396
Unicode Chart 397
Bibliography 398
Table of Contents
Chapter 1 Introduction
1.1 Introduction to High level programming 25
1.2 A brief history and timeline of Delphi 26
1.3 System Requirements for Delphi 27
1.4 Writing environment 27
1.5 Object oriented programming 28
1.6 DELPHI IDE 30
1.7 Comments 36
1.8 Begin and End 36
1.9 Unicode Values 37
1.10 Starting a Delphi Application 37
1.11 Common components 41
1.12 Naming components 42
1.13 Simple application Activity 46
1.14 Variables 47
1.15 Data types 49
1.16 Simple Application examples 53
1.17 Activity (Simple Introduction) 57
1.18 Numbers and equations 58
1.19 Global variables and local variables 62
1.20 Activity (Use of variables) 65
1.21 Date and Time 75
1.22 Set and Get data from components 76
1.23 Control Strings #9 and #13 77
1.24 Tutorial with all common components 78
1.25 Formatting numbers 88
1.26 Activity (Components) 90
1.27 Input box and Message Dialog boxes 90
1.28 Activity (Input boxes) 96
Chapter 2 Math Operators and Functions
2.1 Arithmetic and Logical operators 98
2.2 Order of priority 99
2.3 Scope of a variable 100
2.4 Selection Structures / If statement 101
2.5 Activity (If Statement) 106
2.6 Case statement 110
2.7 Activity (Case Statement) 113
2.8 Math and statistical functions 115
2.9 Activity (Math Functions) 117
Chapter 3 String manipulation and looping
3.1 Characters and strings 122
3.2 String operators and String functions 123
3.3 String procedures 124
3.4 Activity (String Handling) 133
3.5 Looping structures 137
3.6 For Loop 137
3.7 Examples on the for loop 141
3.8 Activity (For loop) 147
3.9 Conditional looping structures 152
3.10 Differences between the While and Repeat Until loops 153
3.11 Activity (Algorithms on While and Repeat) 154
3.12 Rules on algorithms 155
3.13 Activity (While and repeat) 159
3.14 The Character data type 163
3.15 Activity (Character data type) 165
3.16 Validation techniques 166
3.17 Activity (Validation) 170
Chapter 4 Arrays
4.1 Arrays Introduction 172
4.2 Populating an array 174
4.3 Array processing 177
4.4 Sorting an array 182
4.5 Searching an array 184
4.6 Inserting and deleting from an array 188
4.7 Remove duplicates 190
4.8 Activity (Arrays) 191
4.9 Parallel and Linked arrays 195
4.10 Activity (Linked Arrays) 201
Chapter 5 Text files, Procedures and Functions
5.1 Introduction to text files 205
5.2 Commands 205
5.3 Reading from a text file 206
5.4 Activity (Reading from a text file) 212
5.5 Writing to a text file 214
5.6 Appending to a text file 216
5.7 Activity (Writing to/Adding to text files) 216
5.8 Methods Introduction 221
5.9 Procedures and functions 221
5.10 Activity (Procedures and functions) 225
5.11 Parameter passing 227
5.12 Activity (Parameter passing) 231
Chapter 6 Classes and Objects
6.1 Classes and Objects 237
6.2 Examples with explanation 238
6.3 Activity (Objects) 250
6.4 Creating objects from text files 257
6.5 Activity (Objects from text files) 262
Chapter 7 Two Dimensional arrays
7.1 Two Dimensional arrays 274
7.2 Populating an array 274
7.3 Processing and manipulating data in a 2D array 276
7.4 Activity (Two dim arrays) 288
Chapter 8 Dynamic components
8.1 Dynamic Components 294
8.2 Example 294
Chapter 9 Normalisation and Databases
9.1 Concepts of Normalisation 296
9.2 Rules for Normalisation forms 296
9.3 Examples with Answers 299
9.4 Activity 294
9.5 Data Dictionary 304
9.7 DB CONNECTIVITY 305
9.8 Hierarchy of data 305
9.9 Data types of fields 306
9.10 Create a new database 307
9.11 How to connect the database to a Delphi Application 307
9.12 Data aware components 308
9.13 Linking a DBEdit to a field in the DBGrid 312
9.14 Navigation buttons 312
9.15 Adding a record 312
9.16 Deleting a record 313
9.17 Updating records 313
9.18 Activity (Single table) 315
9.19 Foreign key 321
9.20 Two tables – Example 321
9.21 Activity (Two tables) 329
9.22 Direct connection to database 333
9.23 Example on direct connection 335
Chapter 10 SQL and code construct
10.1 Structured Query Language 344
10.2 Select SQL with examples 345
10.3 Working with two tables 347
10.4 Insert, Delete and Update 347
10.5 Examples 354
10.6 Activity (SQLs) 355
10.7 Rules on SQL statements 356
10.8 Activity (SQLs) 359
10.9 Activity (SQLs) AND Code Construct 364
10.10 Sqls in a Data module project 385
Chapter 11 Develop a Grade 10 PAT
11.1 GRADE 10 Sample PAT 389
11.2 Navigation between forms 391
11.3 Help Screen 391
11.4 Tool tip text 392
11.5 Tab sheets 394
11.6 Password strength 396
11.7 Using text files to save, update and delete data 397
11.8 GIF images 398
11.9 Executing a specific form 398
11.10 GRADE 11 – Use of DB, arrays and Graphs in PAT 400
11.11 Sample PATs with code 401
Appendix
A Keyboard Shortcuts 403
B Unicode Chart 404
C Bibliography 405
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